幼儿漏斗胸三维可视化建模方法研究

Research on Biomechanical and Visualized Modeling of Pectus Excavatum in Children

研究胸骨的建模问题,传统方法不能有效建立肋软骨三维模型,为解决胸廓畸形手术问题,提出了一种基于DICOM标准格式的CT图像处理法,得到完整的胸廓三维模型。通过增强对比度、阈值分割、区域增长算法,有效地分离内脏、肌肉组织、硬骨和肋软骨像素信息,分别生成硬骨和肋软骨模型。为了得到完整精确的胸廓模型需要对初步生成模型进行修补,擦除噪点、补充丢失像素,最后采用高斯表面平滑处理,滤除不规则三角形,提高模型精度。上述方法所建模型可视化程度高、便于修改、建模周期短、完整性好,对Nuss手术方案制定和有限元仿真分析具有重要参考价值。

This paper put forward a rapid and accurate method based on standard CT image type of DICOM in order to establish integral three-dimensional （3D） model of thorax which contained costal cartilage. The pixels of internal organs,muscle tissue,rigid skeleton and costal cartilage were separated successfully by strengthening contradistinction,threshold methods of image segmentation and region growing. Therefore,the models of rigid skeleton and costal cartilage were established conveniently. Modification was the necessary course in order to acquire an integral and accurate model,such as erasing noise,drawing missing pixels. The Gauss smooth processing which was an effective method to improve surface accuracy can filter irregular triangle. The results proved that the model based on this method had characteristics of high visualization,easy modification,time saving and perfect integrity. It can present important reference value for finite element simulation and draft program of Nuss operation.