缬草精油提取工艺及成分分析

Extraction and Analysis of Essential Oil from Valeriana amurensis

采用索氏提取法并通过正交试验对缬草精油的提取工艺进行优化,用气相色谱-质谱定性定量分析检测缬草精油成分。结果表明,影响缬草精油提取的主要因素顺序为温度、提取时间、料液比;优化工艺为:溶剂石油醚、温度80℃、提取时间为2 h、料液比为1∶9(g/mL),此工艺条件下提取率为0.75%。缬草精油中共鉴定出42种化学成分,以萜烯类化合物为主,分别含有烯、醇、酮、酯、醚类化合物,其中乙酸龙脑酯、莰烯和β-蒎烯占主导地位,其相对质量分数分别为36.02%、10.15%和9.85%。

Soxhlet method was applied to extract oil from Valeriana amurensis in the present study.The composition of the essential oil was identified by GC-MS.The extraction conditions were optimized by orthogonal tests.Results： The main factors influencing the extraction yield are temperature,extraction time and material / liquid ratio.When extracting Valeriana officinalis with petroleum ether at material / liquid ratio 1∶9（W/V）） and 80℃ for 2 h,the extraction yield of Valeriana amurensis oil reaches 0.75%.42 components are identified in the Valeriana amurensis oil,primarily terpene compounds containing alkenes,alcohols,ketones,esters and ethers respectively;bornylacetate,camphene and β-pinene are the dominant constituents,accounting for 36.02%,10.15% and 9.85%,respectively.