可耗竭资源型企业转移行为方式与区位选择规律

Shifting Behaviors and Location Selection Rules for Exhaustible Resource Enterprises

可耗竭资源型企业转移区位选择行为既是一个新兴的现实问题,又是一个理论前沿问题。本文基于系统工程思想,运用文献研究与访谈调查、数理统计与软件分析相结合的方法,以收集整理的2000年-2009年我国境内可耗竭资源型企业跨区转移的112个项目为基础,提炼描述了可耗竭资源型企业转移区位选择的特征行为,分析揭示了这些行为的发生规律和驱动因素。研究表明:①可耗竭资源型企业转移的特征行为有12种,发生频次最高的是"独资收购新建",比率33.03%;区位选择的特征行为有9种,发生频次最高的是"资源运输市场政策导向",比率46.43%;②在可耗竭资源型企业特定的转移特征行为基础上,研究特定的区位选择特征行为发生的概率,以及高发行为的规律,为真实地把握我国可耗竭资源型企业转移区位选择行为发生规律提供了一个新视角;③"风险度"与"满意度"是基于转移的企业区位选择行为的驱动因素,这一发现为揭示我国可耗竭资源型企业主体特征行为与企业区位选择规律之间的内在联系开拓了一个新思路。

Shifting and location selection of exhaustible resources enterprises is a new issue emerging in China,which has been less than mature.Enterprises depending on exhaustible resources in the form of fossil or rock have a lifecycle of＂exploring-increasing-steady-decline＂ highly corresponding to the lifecycle of the resources they rely on.Most of the large and medium-sized enterprises relying on exhaustible resources are owned by the state.With years of continued exploration and consumption of resources,they have been gradually adjusting the strategy,choosing the western areas with abundant resources as the ideal places to fulfill the shifting among regions.On the basis of the system engineering theory and surveys undertaken,the authors explored the characteristics,general rules and driving factors of shifting and location selection action for exhaustible resources enterprises using a collection of 112 projects concerning the shifting action in China during the period 2000 to 2009.It was concluded that：1）there are generally 12 characteristics in the shifting actions,among which＂the exclusive investment,purchasing and rebuilding＂happened most frequently,accounting for 33.03%.There are 9 characteristics in the location selection actions,among which＂the guide on the resource,transportation,market,and policy＂occurs most frequently,accounting for 46.43%;2）this paper provides a new perspective on general patterns of the shifting and location selection action for exhaustible resources enterprises by examining the frequencies of a specific location selection action and the general patterns of such actions occurring frequently on the basis of a specific shifting action of exhaustible resources enterprises,and 3）risk degree,including geology risk degree,policy risk degree,market risk degree,and satisfactory degree,involving investment environment satisfactory degree,resource occupation satisfactory degree,and investment potential satisfactory degree,are the drivers in the shifting and location selection action for exhaustible resources enterprises.This finding would inspire new thinking as to revealing the relationship between characteristic actions of the exhaustible resources enterprises and the general pattern of the location selection.