周边国家和地区成品油市场化改革经验借鉴——“第三届成品油分销国际会议”成果之二

Drawing on the reform experience of refined products marketization from neighboring economies——Part two:findings at the 3rd Annual Oil Distribution& Retailing Conference

成品油市场化应具备三个特征:一是依法准入,规范经营;二是自主定价,公平竞争;三是进出口贸易自由。我国按照石油市场改革的既定方向,已经在成品油市场化的道路上进行了12年的探索。在成品油分销领域,初步形成了法制化监管、规范化准入、多元化竞争的新格局;价格机制改革也经历了三个阶段的发展,处于"准"市场化的阶段;但在成品油进出口领域,还基本限于加入WTO时的承诺。研究周边国家和地区的成品油市场化进程、改革措施与成效,对我国深化成品油市场改革有诸多启示和借鉴意义:1)成品油市场化改革要总体设计,法律先行,按部就班地实施;2)价格市场化要配套推进,分步到位;3)炼油与油品分销业要规范准入,合理发展;4)加油站经营要系列化,加油站业务开展应因地制宜。成品油市场化不能仅靠定价机制改革的单兵突进,还必须依赖其他方面改革的相互配套。目前,进一步推进我国成品油市场化改革的条件已经具备,需要政府勇敢推进。

There are three characteristics of refined products marketization:access and operation in accordance with law and regulations;independent pricing and fair competition;and free import and export trade.It has taken China 12 years to go to the direction of the oil market reforms.In the field of oil distribution,there has preliminary formed of a new pattern or structure with legal regulation,standardization of access and diversification of competition.Price mechanism reform has gone through three stages of development and now is in a 'quasi' market-oriented phase.However,in the terms of refined products imports and exports,it is still limited to the commitments when China gain the membership of WTO.It has a lot of inspiration and reference value for China deepening reforms to carry out the research of the progress,measures and effectiveness of the reforms of refined products marketization from neighboring countries and regions.Firstly,market-oriented reforms should be the overall design,adhering to the law,and then implementation step by step.Secondly,marketpricing should be promoted with relevant supports and divided by several steps.Thirdly,refining and oil distribution need to regulate access and develop reasonably.Fourthly,gas station business should be serialized and conducted according to local conditions.Therefore,refined products marketization cannot breakthrough by pricing mechanism reform alone,and should depend on the other mutual reforms.At present,china has been equipped with the conditions for further promoting the reform of refined products marketization,the only thing we need is the government's courage and resolution.