以绢蝶为代表的甘肃南部蝶类多样性

The biodiversity of butterfly communities in southern Gansu:Parnassius species as representatives

在甘肃南部地区的蝶类调查中,共记录到蝴蝶339种,分属于12科,157属,区系组成以广布种为主,占总种数的56.6%;古北种次之,占26.9%;东洋种最少,占16.5%;共采集到绢蝶15种,占分布于中国绢蝶总种数41种的36.6%。样线调查结果显示绢蝶在甘肃南部地区有比较明显的垂直性分布,高山亚冰雪稀疏植被带、亚高山灌丛草甸带、山地森林草原带及山地草原带均有绢蝶分布。各生境中绢蝶多样性与蝶类群落多样性进行比对得出变化趋势不一致,随着海拔升高,绢蝶物种丰富度S及Shannon-Wiener多样性指数呈逐渐上升趋势,而蝶类群落物种丰富度S及Shannon-Wiener多样性指数总体呈下降趋势。绢蝶是高原地区的特有珍稀物种,君主绢蝶(P.imperator)、依帕绢蝶(P.epaphus)、小红珠绢蝶(P.nomion)等3种绢蝶为甘肃南部地区常见种,元首绢蝶(P.cephalus)等8种绢蝶为甘肃南部地区偶见种,数量极少,其种群及生存状态需予以关注。

An inventory of the high plateau region of South Gansu Province in China revealed 339 butterfly species belonging to 12 families and 157 genera.The majority of species （192;56.6%） are widely distributed,while 91 species （26.9%） are typical for the Palaearctic and further 56 （16.5%） are Oriental species.15 Parnassius species were recorded,which is a comparably large fraction （36.6%） of all 41 Parnassius species in China.Transect inventories across the major altitudinal vegetation zones covering the alpine sub-ice-snow and sparse vegetation zone,sub-alpine shrub-meadow zone,mountain forest and grassland zone,and hilly grassland zone showed that Parnassius species appear in all zones.The vertical distribution of Parnassius species was Interesting because species richness and Shannon-Wiener diversity indicated contrary trends for Parnassius and total butterfly communities along the altitudinal gradient.While species richness and diversity of Parnassius increased with altitude,these measures decreased for total butterfly communities.Yet,Parnassius can be considered as a typical genus for alpine regions in China.The most common species in the regions were P.imperator,P.epaphus and P.nomion.In the whole study area,eight species,including P.cephalus,were particularly rare and future viability of their populations might deserve particular attention.