京杭运河杭州段变迁及其对工业格局影响遥感分析

An Analysis of the Change of the Beijing—Hangzhou Grand Canal (Hangzhou Section) and Its Impact on the Industrial Pattern

采用地形图和航片、卫片等多源遥感图像,对京杭大运河杭州主城区段变迁进行研究发现,1955～2007年间,运河经历了多次扩建和改建,河道长度从21.05 km缩短至16.23 km,水域面积从0.76 km2增加到1.03 km2,平均宽度从36.10 m增加到63.46 m。运河沿岸2 km范围内的城市化程度不断提高,建筑用地从31%增加到68%,农用地从61%减少到16%,工矿用地从8%增加到16%。通过分析运河周边工矿用地类型的变迁,了解到杭州工业对运河的依赖。运河和钱塘江的沟通工程改变了运河的航道,工业用地的分布也随之发生了变化。从1988年和2007年的两期数据来看,虽然工矿用地面积所占比例都是16%,但运河老河道经过的中河流域工矿用地总面积从2.77 km2减少到0.82 km2,同时新开的运河河道流域工矿用地总面积从0.74 km2增加到3.38 km2。

In this paper, topographic maps, aerial photos and satellite remote sensing images were used to analyze the changes of the Beijing - Hangzhou Grand Canal （ Hangzhou Section）. The result shows that, through several times of expansion and renovation from 1955 to 2007, the length of the canal was shorten from 21.05 km to 16.23 km, the water area was expanded from O. 76 km2 to 1.03 km2, and the average river width was expanded from 36. 10 m to 63.46 m. In canal buffer area （r = 2 km）, the urban construction area was increased from 31% to 68% , the agricultural land was decreased from 61% to 16% , and the industrial land was increased from 8% to 16%. An analysis of the changes of the industrial land surrounding the canal reveals that industry in Hangzhou has been dependent on the canal. The canal and the Qiantang River re - engineering project has changed the river way of the canal. The distribution of industrial land was changed from 1988 to 2007, although the proportion of the total industrial and mining land area remained 16%. The area near the old river （the abandoned river） was decreased from 2.77 km2 to 0.82 km2, while the area near the new river was increased from 0.74 km2 to 3.38 km2.