四川省遂宁市2009年乙型病毒性肝炎血清流行病学调查

Seroepidemiologic invetigation and analysis of the hepatitis B virus in suining of Sichuan

目的 了解四川遂宁市乙肝病毒感染状况,评价遂宁市从1992年在新生儿中推广乙肝疫苗免疫策略的效果.方法 采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,按行政区域和经济水平随机抽取6个调查点（村、县）,以家庭为单位对全部人群采集外周静脉血,用酶联免疫吸附实验法（ELISA）检测HBsAg、抗-HBs、和抗-HBc.结果 共采集1468人血清进行检测,人群中HBsAg阳性率为14.78%、抗-HBs阳性率为39.17%、HBV感染率72.68%.HBsAg阳性率最高年龄组为30～34岁组（27.59%）,最低为0～4岁组（2.06%）;HBV感染率最高的是55～59岁组（93.13%）,最低是5～9岁组（44.2%）;性别、年龄、职业、地域HBV感染标志流行率均存在差异.结论 四川遂宁地区人群HBV感染率较高,人群HBsAg阳性率仍高于全国平均水平,但人群中乙肝流行病学特征已经发生了改变,乙肝疫苗的接种推广使用,已经显著降低了目标人群（≤14岁人群）的HBsAg阳性率和HBV感染率.

Objective To understand the situation of the hepatitis B virus infection in Suining,Sichuan, and to evaluate the results of promoting the hepatitis B vaccine immunization strategy in the neonatal after 1992. Methods A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was adopted, and selected the counties according to administrative region and the economic level. A township （street offices） was randomly selected from each county, in each township selected randomly a village. The family as the unit carried out a questionnaire for 1-59 year old group, and collected blood to detect the HBsAg,anti-HBs and anti-HBc by ELISA. Results A total of 1468 human serum were collected for detect; The positive rate of HBsAg among the crowd was 14.78%, the positive rate of anti-HBs was 39.17%, the infection rate of HBV was 72.68%. HBsAg positive rate of the upper age group was 30 to 34-year-old group （27.59%） and the lowest was 0-4-year-old group （2. 06% ）; HBV infection rate was the highest 55-59-year-old group （93.13%） and the lowest was 5-9 year-old group （44. 2%）, there were differences in the sex, age,occupation and geographic prevalence rate of HBV infection signs. Conclusion In Suining, Sichuan region, people HBV infection was high, the crowd HBsAg-positive rate was still higher than the national average, but the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B among the crowd had changed, to promote the use of hepatitis B vaccine had dramatically reduced the target population （ ≤ 14 year-olds） in HBsAgpositive rate and HBV infection.