小剂量环孢素对大鼠心脏移植的免疫抑制效果

Immunosuppressive effect of low dose cyclosporin in rat heart transplantation

目的观察同种异基因大鼠腹部异位心脏移植术后采用不同方案给予小剂量环孢素的免疫抑制效果。方法以SD大鼠为供体,Wistar大鼠为受体建立腹部异位心脏移植模型。随机分为3组,每组6只。对照组:移植术后不进行免疫抑制;小剂量环孢素短期给药组:移植术后当天起给予2mg/(kg·d)小剂量环孢素,连续10 d;小剂量环孢素长期给药组:移植术后当天起长期给予2 mg/(kg·d)小剂量环孢素,直至供心死亡或实验终止(术后40 d)。记录各组移植心脏存活时间,并行病理学检查。结果各组供心存活时间为:对照组(6.83±0.93)d;小剂量环孢素短期给药组(16.25±1.70)d;小剂量环孢素长期给药组(38.42±2.50)d。病理结果显示对照组与小剂量环孢素短期给药组移植心脏出现大量单个核炎症细胞渗出和浸润,心肌实质损伤严重,与之相比小剂量环孢素长期给药组心肌实质损伤较轻,冠状动脉内膜出现增生性病变。结论使用同种异基因SD和Wistar大鼠建立腹部异位心脏移植模型,术后短期给予2 mg/(kg·d)小剂量环孢素能在一定程度上抑制移植心脏的急性排斥反应,长期给药能够诱导移植心脏发生慢性排斥反应。

Objective To study the immunosuppressive effect of low dose cyclosporin given in different ways after heart allotransplantation in the abdomen in rats. Methods Abdominal heart allotransplantation had been performed between SD （as donors） and Wistar rats （as recipients ）. The recipients had been divided into 3 groups randomly. In control group recipients received no immunosuppression. In short-term cyclosporin group recipients were treated with 2 mg/（ kg· d） cyclosporin for 10 days. In long-term cyclosporin group recipients were treated with 2 rag/（ kg · d） ciclosporin until the graft died or survived to the end of the research. In each group the allografts＇ survival time was recorded, and pathological examination was made. Results The survival time for the control group was（6.83±0.93） d, short-term cyclosporin group（ 16.25 ± 1.70） d, and the longterm cyclosporin group （38.42 ± 2.50）d. The pathology showed excessive exudation and infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cardiomyocytes in allografts of the control and short-term cyclosporin treatment groups. Compared with these two groups, allografts from long-term cyclosporin group had limited cardiomyocyte injuries but proliferative lesion of coronary endarterium was still observed. Conclusion In the abdominal heart allo-transplantation model （ SD- 〉 Wistar）, the use of short-term and low dose of cyclosporin 2 mg/（kg · d） can suppress the acute rejection of allograft to certain extent, but long-term use of cyclosporine can induce the chronic rejection.