1Phan TT, Abozguia K, Nallur Shivu G, et al. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is characterized by dynamic impairment of active relaxation and contraction of the left ventricle on exercise and associated with myocardial energy deficiency[J]. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2009,54(5) :402-409.
2Fontes-Carvalho R, Leite-Moreira A. The pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and its therapeutic implications[J]. Rev Port Cardiol, 2009,28(1):63-82.
3Lain CS, Roger VL, Rodeheffer RJ, et al. Cardiac structure and ventrieular-vascular function in persons with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction from Olmsted County, Minnesota[J]. Circulation,2007,115 (15):1982-1990.
4Paulus WJ, Tschope C, Sanderson JE, et al. How to diagnose diastolic heart failure: a consensus statement on the diagnosis of heart failure with normal left ventricular ejection fraction by the Heart Failure and Echocardiography Associations of the European Society of Cardiology[J]. Eur Heart J, 2007, 28 (20): 2539-2550.
5Zile MR, Gaasch WH, Carroll JD, etal. Heart failure with a normal ejection fraction: is measurement of diastolic function necessary to make the diagnosis of diastolic heart failure[J]? Circulation, 2001,104 (7) : 779-782.
6Ommen SR, Nishimura RA, Appleton CP, etal. Clinical utility of Doppler echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging in the estimation of left ventricular filling pressures: a comparative simultaneous Dopplercatheterization study[J]. Circulation, 2000, 102 (15) : 1788-1794.
7Zile MR, Gaasch WH, Anand IS, et al. Mode of death in patients with heart failure and a preserved ejection fraction., results from the Irbesartan in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction Study (I-Pre- serve) trial[J]. Circulation, 2010,121 (12):1393-1405.
9Jessup M, Alraham WT, Casey DE, et al. 2009 focused update: ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure in Adults.. a report of the American College of Cardiology foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines [ J]. Circulation, 2009, 119 ( 14 ): 1977-2016.