黑龙江省农村泥草房抗震性能鉴定与加固措施研究

Evaluation of Earthquake Resistant Capability and Reinforcement Methods for Rural Mud-Thatched Cottages in Heilongjiang Province

农村民居地震安全工作是防震减灾事业的重要组成部分之一,直接关系到广大农民的切身利益。本文立足黑龙江省地域特点,结合黑龙江省人民政府《黑龙江省农村民居地震安全工程基础情况调查报告》项目,对黑龙江省农村泥草房的抗震性能进行了抽样调查与结果分析。分析结果表明,农村泥草房抗震性能问题由6类建筑缺陷引起,它们分别是:屋盖负荷过重、结构连接性较差、结构整体性较差、开间和进深不合理、门窗尺寸不合理和隔墙抗剪效果较差。同时,以佳木斯市汤原县草砖房建设为典型案例,对农村泥草房抗震加固措施进行了探讨。最后,就政策引导和专业技术方面提出了抗震加固措施建议。

Seismic safe of rural buildings,as one of the most important branch of earthquake disaster mitigation,has long been interlinked with immediate interests of peasant deeply.Based on the local characteristics of Heilongjiang province,and combined with the program of rural building basic seismic-safe work report of Heilongjiang province,we conducted sampling survey and analyzing for evaluation of earthquake resistant capability and reinforcement methods for rural mud-thatched cottages in Heilongjiang province.The conclusion repealed that the problem of poor capability of mud-thatched cottages against earthquake mainly caused by 6 types of construct flaws：i.e.roof over-load,poor structure connectivity,poor architecture integrity,unreasonable bay and depth,irrational size of doors and windows and discrepancy of shearing resistance of diaphragm wall.Taking Tang Yuan country as an example,we discussed the reinforcement measures of rural mud-thatched cottages.Finally,some suggestions were proposed for the shock resistance of rural buildings based on policy guidance and professional skill.