“加拿大权利与自由宪章”的影响

On the Impact of Canadian Charterof Rights and Freedoms

"加拿大权利与自由宪章"是加拿大"1982年宪法法案"的重要组成部分。它规定了需要政府保护的各项公民权利,但没有把权利绝对化;既强调公民的个人权利,也重视少数族裔的集体权利。它在运用中提高了司法机构的地位,推动了多元文化政策的实施,保护了少数人的权利,对宪政制度产生了一定的影响。"宪章"充分体现了法治精神,有效地防止政府官员滥用权力侵犯公民权利,在加拿大宪政制度史上具有重要的意义。

As an important part of the 1982 Constitution Act, Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedom guarantees various rights and freedoms of Canadian citizens which are only subject to reasonable limits by justified law; it emphasizes rights of individuals while protecting Collective rights of eth- nic groups. In its application the Charter strengthened the function of judicial authority, facilitated the implementation of Muhiculturalism, protected the rights of minority and exerted impact on po- litical process. Embodying the principle of rule by law and preventing government officials from abusing powers, the Charter presents a milestone in the Canadian constitutional history.