“光州事件”与20世纪80年代韩国反美高潮的兴起

The Kwangju event and the Rising of Korean's Anti-Americanism in 1980s

1980年5月爆发的"光州事件"是韩国民众反全斗焕新独裁政权的国内政治抗争运动。韩国民众认为,光州抗争被血腥镇压,与美国对独裁政权的支持及军事行动的默许密切相关。而美国在事后反复进行的愈益精致的无责任论解释进一步加剧了韩国民众的反美情绪,改变了以往美国在韩国民众中的正面形象。从此,韩国民众反美运动勃然兴起。所以本为国内政治运动的"光州事件"实际上也成为80年代韩国反美高潮兴起的导火线。"光州事件"后,韩国反美高潮之所以爆发,固然与美国的消极作为不无关系,但进一步分析,则是韩国在社会转型时期民族主义发展的自然结果。

＂The Kwangju event＂ breaking out in May 1980 is a political movement that the Koreans fighting against the new dictatorship regime of Quan Douhuan. The Korean public thinks that the most important reason of Kwangju struggle being carried out bloody suppression, is the American government＇s supporting to the dictatorship regime and permission to the military operations. After the event, the American government making more and more delicate explanation of no responsibility again and again, aggravated further anti-American sentiments of Koreans and changed the image of America in Korea public. Therefore, anti-American movement arised suddenly. The Kwangju event, which should to be a domestic political movement, becomes the tripwire of anti-American climax in fact. The reason that the eruption of the Korean＇ anti-American high tide is no doubt related with the American＇s negative action. But through further analyzing, it is the natural result of the developing nationalism of Koreans in the social reforming years.