瑞典社会保障制度改革及其对我国的启示

Sweden Social Security System Reform and the Enlightenment to Our Country

1950～1960年代,福利国家在西欧和北欧得到了充分地发展。其中,瑞典以其福利最广泛和最优厚而闻名于世,获得了"福利国家橱窗"的称号。1970年代后期,以瑞典为代表的福利国家出现了过度福利的问题,相继进入"福利国家危机时代"。经过一系列的改革,瑞典取得了积极的成效。我国国情与瑞典不同决定了我们不可能建立一个完全瑞典模式的社会保障体系,但是瑞典的一些经验和做法对于完善我国的社会保障制度有着重要的借鉴意义。

The welfare state had been fully developed in Western Europe and Northern Europe in the fifties or sixties in 20 century. One of them is Sweden, who was famous for its generous and broadest welfare, named as the ＂showcase of welfare state＂. In the late 1970s, because of the excessive welfare, the welfare state represented by Sweden had entered into the＂the crisis era of welfare state＂in succession. After a series of reforms, Sweden had achieved positive effect. Although China’s situation is different from Sweden’s, which decides that we can not build the exactly same social security system as Sweden’s, Sweden’s experience and practices have important significance as reference for improving China’s social security system.