安家岭露天煤矿土地利用结构预测

PREDICTION OF LAND USE STRUCTURE IN ANJIALING OPENPIT MINE

采用实地调绘、航片判读、统计分析、历史类比与趋势外推相结合的方法，对平朔安家岭露天煤矿１９９８～２０１９年剧烈扰动的１６５２０ｈｍ２的土地利用结构进行了预测性研究．结果表明，２２ａ间，共剥离岩土１６０９８００万ｍ３，挖损土地１２０００ｈｍ２，压占土地４５２０ｈｍ２，其中，耕地和林牧用地分别消失８７４３ｈｍ２和７９０ｈｍ２．规划后的土地利用结构有了明显的改善，其中，耕地由原来的５２９％提高到７０７％；林牧用地由原来的４８％提高到２９３％，基本消除了荒地和其它未利用地．同时，耕地总量动态平衡结果表明，以６ａ为耕地恢复期，大约在采矿２６ａ后，耕地总量可达到平衡；若以１０ａ为耕地恢复期，大约在采矿３４ａ后，耕地总量可达到平衡．

Adopting the method of combining surveying and mapping on the spot,reading aerial photograph,statistical analysis,historical analogy and inferring from trend,we predict the land use structure of drastically disturbed mined land in AJL opencast coal mine of Pingshuo. The result shows that there will be 1609 8 billion m3 of rock and soil being stripped off,1 2000hm2 of land being excavated and4520hm2 of land being covered during 19982019. Of the total damaged land, there will be 8743 hm2 of arable land and 790hm2 of forest and grass land. However,after reclamation planning,the land use structure will be improved remarkably. For example, the rate of arable landand that of forest land and grassland will be lifted from the original 529% and 48% to 707% and 293% respectively. Moreover, barren land and other unused land will be removed by and large. At the same time,we predict the equilibrium of the total amount of arable land in this area. The result shows that the total amount of areable land in AJL Mine can reach equilibrium after 26 years since mining if the restoration stage is 6 years. That can only reach equilibrium after 34 years or so since mining if the restoration stage is 10 years.