中国乒乓球主力运动员马琳与马龙接发球技战术比较研究

The Comparative Study on Receive Skills and Tactics of China Top Table Tennis Players MA Lin and MA Long

通过文献研究、录像观察、数理统计等研究方法,从技术、线路、落点3个维度对马琳、马龙比赛中接发球特征与规律进行对比研究。结果表明:1)二者接发球控制性技术与进攻性技术使用率差异性均不显著。在具体技术运用上居前3位的技术马琳为:摆短、劈长、撇;马龙为劈长、摆短、反手拧。摆短、劈长差异性高度显著;反手拧差异性显著;其余技术差异性不显著。2)马琳接发球时反手、追身和正手三条线路分布较为均衡。马龙接发球线路控制反手过半,其次为追身和正手。二者在线路控制上,正手、追身和反手差异性均不显著。3)马琳接发球落点分布集中在中路近网短球、正手小三角和反手长球区域;马龙落点分布以长球为主,依次为反手长球、正手长球和中路长球。二者中路近网短球、正手近网短球使用率差异性高度显著;中路半出台球使用率差异性显著,其余区域落点分布差异性不显著。

By documentary research,video watching,mathematical statistics and logical analysis,etc,this paper compares and studies the features and rules of MA Lin and MA Long’s receive from three aspects as skill,route and drop point.The findings of study show that （1） the difference between them in the use of control skills in receiving is not distinct while the difference in the use of offensive skills is quite another way.The three pieces of skills which MA Lin is best at are drop shot,deep push and skim push;and for MA Long,skim push,drop shot and backhand loop.The result of T Test indicates that there is a relative distinct difference in the use of drop shot,backhand loop and backhand loop drive and a highly distinct one in the use of deep push while the difference in the use of other skills is vague.（2） MA Lin’s routes of receive are relatively dispersed,with backhand,body line and forehand equally balanced.For MA Long,he deals with his rival’s service with backhand for nearly half of the time and then body line and forehand.The result shows that there is a slight difference between them during games in the route of forehand,body line and backhand.（3）MA Lin’s drop point during game concentrates on locality No.2,No.3 and No.7 and MA Long’s on No.7,No.9 and No.8.The result shows that there’s quite a sharp difference between them regarding the distribution of drop point in locality No.2,3,5,7 and 9 and a slight difference in other localities.