“表文”的形成与定位——兼论元结、贾至的革新

A Study on "Biaowen" and the Innovation of YUAN Jie and JIA Zhi

"表文"原指臣子用来向君主陈述请求的文章体裁,虽是朝廷上的公文,但是有些表文写得相当灵活,其文字亦简洁明畅,往往含有感情色彩。例如三国时人诸葛亮的《出师表》、魏曹植的《求自试表》等;到了南北朝,因受骈文的影响,它们都以四六文为主,崇尚对仗,讲求华丽,只能扮演公文形式的角色;这种表文的特质在唐代仍未改变,但是元结和贾至与众不同,尝试不假雕琢、有真实感情的表文创作,推动了表文在文体上的革新。

As a sort of official document,＂Biaowen＂,often used by officials for appeal to an emperor,can be flexibly and emotionally composed in straightforward words such as ZHU Ge-liang＇s usher-yeah brian or CAO Zhi＇s Recommendation,etc.When it came to the Northern and Southern Dynasties,most of ＂Biaowen＂ are four-six proses characterized by antithesis and ornateness.This trend wasn＇t changed in the Tang Dynasty until the period of YUAN Jie and JIA Zhi,who pushed the innovation of the genre in style by discarding polish and involving true feeling.