无卤阻燃聚丙烯复合材料的制备研究

Research on Production of Non-halogen Fire Retardant Polypropylene Composite

为获得较好阻燃性能的聚丙烯(PP)复合材料,实验通过加入较大量的无机复合阻燃剂以实现其阻燃性能,加入大分子的增容物以提高体系的韧性,加入大分子的接枝物以改善无机粒子和聚合物之间的相容性,从而弥补因为加入大量无机阻燃剂引起的机械性能的损失.当m(氢氧化镁)∶m(氢氧化铝)为4∶1,硼酸锌加入35 g,红磷加入65 g时,材料的阻燃性能满足垂直燃烧等级UL-94,为V-0级,机械性能也较好;当增韧体系m(乙烯-辛烯共聚物)∶m(三元乙丙橡胶)(m(POE)∶m(EPDM))为110∶30时,制得的聚丙烯复合材料的综合性能较好,拉伸强度为19.35MPa,断裂伸长率可达到350.47%,冲击强度可达到35.23 kJ/m2,阻燃性能仍然保持在垂直燃烧等级UL-94,为V-0级.所以,无机阻燃剂氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝、红磷和硼酸锌一起使用可以达到很好的阻燃效果,通过大分子增容剂对PP无卤阻燃体系进行增韧,可以同时满足PP复合材料的阻燃性能和机械性能.

In order to prepare better fire-retardant polypropylene composites without reducing its mechanical properties,a large number of inorganic compounds were added to improve its flame retardant properties,the macromolecular flexibilizer was added to improve the toughness of the system,and macro-molecular grafting agents were added to improve the interaction between the polymer and inorganic particles;therefore,the loss of mechanical properties caused by adding a large number of inorganic flame retardants was compensated.When the ratio of MH∶ATH is 4∶1,ZB is 35 gram,P is 65 gram,the flame-retardant properties of materials meet UL94 V-0 requirements,and the mechanical properties are also well.When the toughness reinforcing agent system of POE∶EPDM is 110∶30,the properties of composites have been greatly improved.The tensile-strength can be up to 19.35 MPa,the breaking-strength can be up to 350.47 %,the impact strength can be up to 35.23 kJ/m2,and flame-retardant properties maintain at V-0 rate of vertical combustion rate UL-94.So,the inorganic flame retardant MH,ATH,P and ZB can be used together to achieve better flame retardancy.By adding the macromolecular compatibilizer to the PP system of halogen-free flame retardant for toughening.PP composites can achieve better fire-retardant properties and mechanical properties.