摘要
红其拉甫国家公园(国家自然保护区)建立于1975年,地处巴基斯坦北部地区,喀喇昆仑山南坡,介于N36°45.5′和E74°49.7′之间,总面积约5 600 km^2。本研究通过实地考察和查阅相关文献资料,对分布于该地区的野生动物从区系组成、区系性质的角度进行了分析。结果表明,该地区共有野生脊椎动物24目54科113属160种,其中鱼类1目2科7属11种,两栖类1目1科1属2种,爬行类1目3科5属8种,鸟类14目34科72属103种,哺乳类/兽类7目14科28属36种。160种动物中,列入国际自然保护联盟(IUCN)和濒危动植物种国际贸易公约(CITES)红色名录和附录的濒危、易危和低危物种有24种。按照李思忠和高行宜等依据世界动物分布型对中国野生脊椎动物所划分的15个分布区(区系)类型,对所整理和统计的野生脊椎动物进行地理成分分析表明,该地区分布的野生脊椎动物可归入8个分布区系类型和3个复合体。其中,北方广布种、高地型种和古北型种最多,分别有39种、34种和23种,占该地区野生动物总种数的21.37%、21.25%和15.00%。由此表明,古北界和全北界属性是该地区动物区系的基本特征。与此同时,该地区动物区系与中亚型-全北型交错较多,其次为东洋型与喜马拉雅-横断山型有一定的交错,而鱼类与两栖类区系成分和复合体的交错分布甚少。
Vertebrate fauna of Khunjerab National Park,a national nature reserve,located in the northern part of Pakistan, between latitude 36°45.5＇N and longitude 74°49.7＇E,was founded in 1975,with an area of 5 600 km^2.Survey of vertebrate fauna in the reserve showed that in the fauna were 160 species,113 genera,54 families and 24 orders,among them, 11fish species,2 amphibian species,8 reptile species,103 bird species and 36 mammal species;24 species were listed in IUCN and CITES red data book and appendix as endangered,vulnerable and lower risk species.According to Li Sizhong and Gao Xingyi＇s classification of vertebrates in China for palearctic region,these vertebrates were classified into 8 distribution patterns and 3 complex,among them,the largest patterns were North,Plateau and Palaearctic patterns,with 39（21.37%）,34 （21.25%） and 23（15.00%） species respectively,indicating the basic pattern of this fauna.Interflow of species occurred with Palearctic pattern（Old World Ttemperate Zone）,Middle Asia pattern and Whole North pattern,next with East ocean pattern and Mts.Himalaya-Heugduan pattern.
基金
交通运输部西部交通建设科技项目(200831822156)
中国路桥工程有限责任公司共同资助
