代谢工程在微生物法产辅酶Q_(10)中的应用

Application of Metabolic Engineering in CoQ_(10) Production by Microbes

辅酶Q10作为细胞呼吸链上的重要组成部分在电子传递过程中发挥着重要的作用。辅酶Q10的抗氧化、抗衰老功能使其广泛应用于医药、食品和化妆品等行业。CoQ10市场需求不断增加,这使得大规模提高CoQ10工业化生产的产量显得十分必要。目前,主要依靠从自然界中筛选到的各种微生物作为生产菌种发酵生产CoQ10,但这些原始生产菌种由于产量低、营养要求高等各种原因很难实现大规模发酵生产。随着对CoQ10生物合成途径以及代谢调控机制的了解清楚,通过对易于商业化生产的优良宿主细胞(如大肠杆菌)进行代谢工程的改造,有助于促进代谢工程菌的CoQ10工业化生产发展。

CoQ10 plays an important role in the cell electron transfer system as an ingredient of respiration chain. CoQ10 has been widely used as an antioxidant in pharmaceuticals, food and cosmetics, the demands of which have been gradually increasing for its significant physiological functions,which makes it urgently necessary to improve yield greatly by commercial production. At present, CoQ10 was mainly produced by microbial fermentation using naturally existing producers. However, it seems to be difficult to achieve industrialscale production of CoQ10 for various reasons,such as low productivity and demanding nutrient requirements. As the knowledge of biosynthetic pathway of CoQ10 and its regulatory mechanism being increased,it is possible to industrially produce the CoQ10 in the years to come by genetically engineering of CoQ10 production in hosts that are suitable for commercial fermentation.