国际发展援助效果研究综述

Literature Review on Aid Effectiveness

国际发展援助作为发达国家促进发展中国家发展的主要手段,自从其开始形成就受到各方的质疑。质疑的焦点一直集中在发展援助的效果方面。从不同学科视角得出的研究结论往往相互矛盾,甚至同一学科领域内的研究也不能达成一致。主要的观点大致上可以分为援助的有效性,援助的无效性以及援助有条件的有效性等三个方面。文章从分析路径、研究结论和相关建议三方面综述了国际发展援助效果的研究,介绍了发展话语之外的关于国际发展援助有效性的人类学讨论,并简要论述了发展研究效果研究的现状与未来。

International development aid has been questioned since its advent as a main approach of promoting the development of the impoverished countries.The focus of discussion has always been the aid effectiveness,accompanied by conflicting conclusions from different or even the same research perspectives.These conclusions can be divided into three classifications：those arguing for its effectiveness,those against it,and those for conditional aid effectiveness.This article reviewed the aid effectiveness literature in three aspects：research approaches,conclusions and recommendations,introduced a deconstructionism view on aid effectiveness in anthropology,and briefly discussed the status quo and possible research directions in terms of development aid effectiveness.