黄土地区公路边坡降雨失稳预报研究

Failure prediction for highway slope induced by rainfall in loess area

为了研究黄土地区公路边坡降雨失稳灾害的预测预警方法,通过现场调查和理论分析,研究了黄土地区公路边坡降雨灾害危险性初步判别的标准;在分析公路边坡稳定性主要影响因素(边坡结构、边坡形态和植被特征)的基础上,提出了黄土地区公路边坡标准坡型的模型;以标准边坡坡型为基准,根据边坡失稳资料和降雨数据,建立了公路边坡抗灾能力评分表和评分标准。由此提出了适合于陕北黄土地区(包括砂黄土地区和典型黄土地区)公路边坡降雨灾害预测预警的抗灾雨量法,可以针对某个具体的黄土地区公路边坡的降雨灾害进行工点失稳预报。工程应用表明抗灾雨量法可操作性较好。

Through field-site investigations and theoretical analysis,preliminary judging criteria for slope rainfall hazard assessment were proposed.Then,this paper studied the main factors of highway slope stability such as slope structure,slope shape and vegetation,and put forward standard slope type model for highway slope in loess area,on the basis of which the scoring table for the hazard-resistant ability of highway slope as well as its criteria had been established.Finally,according to the slope failure and rainfall data,hazard-resistant rainfall method,suitable for northern Shaanxi Loess Plateau Region（including the sand loess areas and the typical loess areas）,was proposed for the early warning and prediction of highway slope hazard by rainfall.This method works on the prediction of a specific highway slope rainfall hazard in loess area.Engineering applications showed that hazard-resistant rainfall method had relatively good operability.