应用mtDNA Cytb基因全序列分析中国5个马鹿群体的遗传多样性和系统发育

Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Phylogeny of Five Chinese Subspecies of Wapiti Using Mitochondrial Cytb Complete Sequence

为了在分子水平上探讨马鹿的遗传多样性和系统发育,对我国5个马鹿群体43头马鹿mtDNA Cytb基因全序列进行了分析。结果表明:5个马鹿群体mtDNA Cytb基因全序列中A、T、G、C含量没有明显差别;多态位点占分析位点的7.63%,天山马鹿和塔里木马鹿的单倍型比例分别为100%,50%,单倍型多样度(Hd)分别为(1.000±0.218),(0.700±0.096),核苷酸多样度(Pi)分别为0.00333,0.00544,平均核苷酸差异数值(K)分别为3.800,6.200,其遗传多样性较丰富。对13个马鹿单倍型序列的系统发生分析表明,我国马鹿有2个母系起源。从GenBank获得33个马鹿Cytb基因全序列与本研究的马鹿Cytb基因的单倍型进行网络关系分析,发现塔里木马鹿与西方马鹿群体具有较近的亲缘关系。

To examine molecular genetic diversity and phylogeny of wapiti,mitochondrial Cytb complete sequence have been analyzed in 43 wapiti from 5 Chinese populations. The results showed that content of A,T,G and C in mitochondrial Cytb complete sequence were not significantly different among 5 populations. Diverse loci took 7. 63% of analyzed loci. For Tianshan wapiti and Talimu wapiti respectively,haplotypes ratios were 100% and 50% ; haplotypes diversity （Hd） were （1. 000 ± 0. 218） and （0. 700 ± 0. 096） ; nucleotide diversity （Pi） were 0. 003 33 and 0. 005 44; average number of nucleotide difference （K） were 3. 800 and 6. 200. It is suggested that the 5 populations are highly genetic diverse. Analysis on haplotypes phylogeny of 13 wapiti showed that there were 2 maternal origins in China. Comparison between Cytb haplotypes of wapiti in this study to those of other 33 wapiti obtained from GenBank has been done using Network relation analysis. The results showed that the Talimu wapiti was phylogenetically close to wapiti populations in the western countries.