甘蓝型油菜萝卜质雄性不育恢复系的筛选和初步研究

Screening and Preliminary Studies of Restorers of Radish Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Lines in Brassica napus L.

为了选育甘蓝型油菜萝卜质雄性不育恢复系,并将该雄性不育系统杂交种投入生产应用,通过10多年自交和测交,从甘蓝型油菜萝卜质雄性不育掺合型杂交种Corrida中筛选出了萝卜质雄性不育恢复系R2008。R2008在不同年份均能使萝卜质雄性不育系完全恢复育性,从而实现了萝卜质雄性不育系、保持系和恢复系三系配套。遗传分析表明,R2008的恢复性状受一对显性基因控制。其中萝卜质雄性不育系的基因型为S(rr),恢复系的基因型为(RR),现有的甘蓝型油菜均为萝卜质雄性不育系的保持系,基因型均为N(rr)。与当地甘蓝型油菜相比,R2008生育期长(240d)、芥酸和硫甙含量高(分别为12.93%和78.63μmol/g)、结角率低(74.89%)、角粒数少(10.69粒),冻害重(冻害率100%,冻害指数73.50)。要选育合格的甘蓝型油菜萝卜质雄性不育杂交种应用于生产,必须对R2008的上述性状进行改良。

In order to obtain restorers of radish cytoplasmic male sterile lines in Brassica napus and breed radish cytoplasmic male sterile （RCMS） hybrids for rapeseed production,restorer R2008 of RCMS lines was screened from Corrida after self pollinations and testcrosses for more than 10 years. Corrida was mixture of RCMS hybrid without pollens and pollen supplier line. R2008 could restore the fertility of RCMS lines in different years. Therefore,sterile line, maintainers and restorers of RCMS were obtained. The genetic studies indicated that the restorer was controlled by one dominant gene. The genotype of RCMS lines was S（rr） ,restorer line was ？ （RR） and maintainer line was N （rr） . All present Brassica napus lines were maintainers of RCMS lines. Compared with local rapeseed varieties,R2008 has longer growth period （240 days） ,higher erucic acid content （12. 93% ） ,higher glucosinolates content （78. 63 μmol/g） ,lower silique-bearing percentage （74. 89%） and more serious cold injury （cold injury rate was 100% and cold injury index was 73. 5） . All agronomic characters of R2008 must be improved before qualified RCMS hybrids are put into rapeseed production.