秸秆还田配施氮肥对夏玉米产量和品质的影响

Effects of Straw Returned Plus Nitrogen Ferilizer on Summer Maize Yield and Grain Quality

为明确秸秆还田配施氮肥对夏玉米产量和品质的影响,设计了秸秆还田(0、11400 kg/hm2)和施氮肥(0、375kg/hm2)二因素试验,研究了处理间玉米产量和品质的变化特征。结果表明:与秸秆不还田处理相比,秸秆还田后玉米穗行数、行粒数、穗粒数、千粒重、产量均增加,籽粒蛋白质和淀粉含量增加,脂肪含量降低,而赖氨酸含量没有变化。与不施氮肥相比,施氮肥处理显著提高籽粒蛋白质含量,降低淀粉含量。与秸秆不还田不施氮肥相比,秸秆还田配施氮肥可以显著提高夏玉米穗粒数、籽粒产量、籽粒蛋白质含量,降低淀粉含量。

A two-factor experiment（straw returning：0 and 11400kg/ha;nitrigen ferilizer： 0 and 375kg/ha） was carried out in order to determine the effects of straw returned plus nitrogen ferti-lizer on yield and grain quality of summer maize.The results showed that when the straw was returned to field,rows per ear,kernels per row,kernel number,1000-grain weight,yield,protein content and starch increased,declined for fat content.However,there was no effect on lysine content in comparison with no nitrogen fertilizer treatment,grain protein content increased in nitrogen fertilizer treatment,while starch content reduced.Grain protein content in straw returned plus nitrogen fertilizer treatment was significantly higher than the treatment of no straw returned plus no nitrogen fertilizer,and lower for starch content.In comparison with S1N1（no straw returned and not plus nitrogen）,rows per ear,kernel number,yield,and grain protein content in the treatment of straw returned plus nitrogen fertilizer increased significantly,while starch content declined.