2009年豫中桃苗木冻害发生调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis of Cold Injury on Peach Nursery Stocks in Middle Henan Province in 2009

2009年10月份气温偏高,加上11月上中旬的强寒潮天气造成了河南省中部地区桃苗木的严重冻害。2010年1月9日对冻害发生地区的随机抽样调查表明,桃苗木未发生明显冻害的占23.9%,轻度冻害和中等冻害的占18.1%和15.3%,发生严重冻害和致死冻害的分别为24.3%和18.4%,平均冻害指数48.82。苗木高度与冻害指数呈显著正相关(r=0.893*),苗木粗度与冻害指数无显著正相关(r=0.613),不同品种冻害发生情况存在一定差异,冻害发生的边际效应非常明显。对桃苗木冻害发生的综合原因进行了分析,并就相关对策进行了探讨。

In 2009,higher mean monthly temperature of October and strong cold snap of early-middle November caused heavy cold injury of peach nursery stocks in middle Henan province.On January 9,2010,about 2 month later,the cold injury situation was investigated by random sampling.The results showed that the percentages of no injured,slight injured,medium injured,heavy injured and deadly injured nursery stocks were 23.9%,18.1%,15.3%,24.3% and 18.4%,respectively.The average cold injury index was 48.82.The tree height was significantly correlated with cold injury index（r=0.893^＊）.No significant correlation was found between trunk diameter and cold injury index（r=0.613）.The cold injury indexes of the different cultivars were obviously distinct.The marginal trees were injured more heavily than other ones.General reasons of cold injury were analyzed and the solutions were also discussed.