地震作用下顺层岩质边坡动力响应的试验研究

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF CONSEQUENT ROCK SLOPE UNDER SEISMIC LOADING

基于相似理论建立顺层岩质边坡力学模型,并介绍爆炸模型试验的设计思路及试验方法。以导爆索为爆源,通过水下爆炸模型试验,研究近场地震作用下原型边坡的变形破坏模式以及支护结构对边坡稳定性的影响。试验结果表明,顺层岩质边坡的在近场地震作用下的破坏主要表现方式为节理岩体间的层间滑动,破坏模式为应力波导致的滑移–拉裂破坏;重力式挡墙的压应力峰值分布随着墙高的变化呈现先增大后减小的钟形分布;结合汶川地震现场考察及试验结果发现,支护结构对边坡稳定性起着重要作用。

Based on the similarity theory,a mechanical model of consequent rock slope is established.The design idea and method of the explosion model test are introduced.Using detonating cord as the explosive sources,the deformation and breakage pattern of the archetype slope under near field seismic loading are studied and the effects of the retaining structure are estimated with underwater explosion model test.The test results show that the major deformation pattern of consequent rock slope near field seismic is interlayer sliding in jointed rock mass.The breakage pattern is sliding and fracturing caused by elastic wave.The distribution of the peak compressive stress of the gravity retaining wall is changed in different heights and presents bell-shaped distribution,which increases at first and then decreases.Test results and the in-situ investigation in Wenchuan after earthquake show that the retaining structures play an important role in the stability of slope.