基于佃农理论的风景名胜区租赁模式研究

A Study on the Lease Model of Scenic Spots Based on the Theory of Share Tenancy

风景名胜区经营模式通常被划分为租赁模式、买断模式和委托经营模式等,笔者认为,在景区资源国有且不能转移的前提下,任何企业制度都是租赁模式,因而应该将景区企业化经营模式的划分集中在不同的租赁方式上。关于租赁合约的研究,最具代表性的是张五常的佃农理论。佃农理论研究的是土地租赁问题,而土地租赁与景区租赁在所有权都不能流动、投入的生产要素与原始资源相结合后具有不可分离性等方面有着相似之处。因此可以将景区租赁模式按照佃农理论划分为分成租约、固定租约和自营三种类型,而这三种类型在门票项目使用权和收益权上也存在着不同的产权主体。

The business models of scenic spots are usually divided into the lease pattern, the buyout pattern and the commissioned operation pattern： The author considers that in the precondition that the scenic resources are state - owned and can not be transferred, all enterprise system is lease pattern and therefore the division of scenic management patterns should be focused on different ways of lease. The most representative research on lease contract is the theory of share tenancy by Zhang Wuchang. The theory of share tenancy studies the problems with land lease theory. Scenic spot lease has many similarities with land lease, for example, the ownership can not be transferred, the combination of the input production factors and original resources can＇ t be separated. So based on the theory of share tenancy, the lease patterns of scenic spots can be divided into three types, share tenancy mode, fixed tenancy mode and self- support mode, and the ticket - using right and income right in the three modes have different property right agents.