高密度地震勘探的激发和接收技术探讨

A Discussion on High Density Seismic Prospecting Shot and Receiving Technologies

可控震源作为一种高效、低耗、无污染的激发方式,在低频和高频端具有更宽的扫描频率,比传统炸药震源更适合高密度地震勘探。另外,由于新型可控震源的面世,使地表开阔地区的多台或单台震源在加密炮点网格作业方式时的生产效率比常规炸药激发方式提高一个数量级以上。在接收技术方面,最新的428XL系统具有很高的带道能力,其加速度数字检波器与常规地震检波器相比不但重量轻、体积小,而且在0-800Hz频带范围内没有振幅和相位畸变,动态范围更大,有利于提高地震资料的分辨率与保真度。国内多块高密度勘探实践证明:采用多台或单台可控震源高密度激发,单点数字检波器进行高密度接收,在炮点和检波点两个方面同时进行加密空间采样作业方式具有明显的优势。

The vibrator as a high efficiency,low consume and pollution free excitation mode,since its wider scanning frequency at the high-frequency and low-frequency ends is more preferable to high density seismic prospecting than traditional explosive source.Besides,due to new types of vibrator come out,the productive efficiency of single or multiple vibrators in open terrain detailed shotpoint network than that of traditional explosive source has increased more than an order of magnitude.On aspect of receiving technology,the newest 428XL system has very high trace capability,its accelerated digital geophone in comparison to the traditional geophone,not only lighter and smaller,but also no amplitude and phase distortions within 0~800Hz wave band,larger dynamic range,in favor to improve seismic data resolution and fidelity.Quite a number of high density prospecting practices have demonstrated that： to use single or multiple vibrators high density excitation,single-point digital geophone high density receiving,the method has obvious predominance in sampling operation mode of both shotpoint and geophone station spaces simultaneous densification.