谈心理学中的价值中立与价值负载

Discussions of the Value-free and Value-laden Orientations in Psychology

价值取向是心理学不可回避的一个问题。笔者从研究者的角度入手,阐述了价值中立与价值负载在哲学意义上的缘起和内涵;接下来从问题确定、方法选择、结果解释等方面结合具体的心理学理论和流派,对研究者的价值取向进行整理和研究;最后,理清了价值中立与价值负载的关系。研究者应该奉行适度的价值中立并坚持批判性的价值负载,尽可能地遵循心理现象的内在规律而减少主观干扰,从而不断接近价值中立状态以便促进心理学的有效发展。

Value orientation is an inevitable problem of psychology.From the researcher＇s viewpoint,the writer illustrates its origin and connotation in philosophy;following that,we study and organize the researchers＇ value orientations mainly in three aspects,such as identification of questions,choice of methods and explanation of findings,with which we combine specific psychological schools and theories;at last,we clarify the relationship between the value-free and value-laden orientations.Researchers should follow the value-free orientation reasonably and pursue the value-laden orientation critically,and we also need abide by the inherent laws of psychological phenomena and diminish the subjective intervene as possible as we can,in order to get close to the value-free state continuously and then to advance the development of psychology.