高原藏族与平原汉族高血压和血脂异常患病率的比较

Comparison of prevalence of hypertension and abnormal blood lipoid between Tibetans living at high altitude and Han people living in plain

目的了解四川省高原地区藏族人群高血压及血脂异常的患病情况,并与平原地区汉族人群患病情况比较,为两病的防治提供依据。方法按1:1的比例,分别选择居住在理塘县(海拔4000m以上)藏族及成都市(海拔500m)汉族被调查者各284人,调查其高血压知晓率、治疗率、控制率,测定其血压和血脂。结果与汉族相比,藏族人群高血压患病率明显升高,而高血压知晓率、治疗率、控制率明显偏低;藏族人群高甘油三酯血症患病率低于汉族,但低HDL-C血症患病率高于汉族,混合性高脂血症及高胆固醇血症患病率与汉族比较无显著差异。结论应大力加强对高原高危人群的检查及干预,积极开展全民健康教育,降低高原藏族人群高血压及血脂异常的患病率。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension and abnormal blood lipoid among Tibetan population living at high altitude in Sichuan Province, and compare them with Han people living in plain in order to provide a basis for the prevention and cure of these two diseases. Methods According to the ratio of 1 ： 1 ,284 Tibetans living in Litang County （ over 4000 m above sea level） and 284 Han people living in Chengdu City （500 m above sea level） were enrolled in this study. Their recognition, treatment and control rates of hypertension were investigated. In addition, blood pressure and blood lipoid levels including total cholesterol（TC） , triglycerideand （TG） and high density lipoprotein cholesterol（ HDL - C）of these subjects were measured. Results The prevalence of hypertension in Tibetans was higher and the recognition, treatment and control rates of hypertension were lower than those in Han people. Tibetans showed lower prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and higher prevalence of low blood HDL - C. However, no significant differences were found in the prevalence of mixed hyperlipoproteinemia and hypercholesterolemia between the two groups. Conclusion The examination and intervention of high - risk population should be strengthened. Moreover, the healthy education should be actively conducted to reduce the prevalence of hypertension and blood lipoid abnormity among Tibetan population.