大型水轮发电机电磁场模型及其对温度场的影响

Electromagnetic field models and their influences on the temperature field of large hydro-generator

为了准确分析大型水轮发电机的损耗和发热问题,分别建立了2维稳态电磁场、运动电磁场和场路耦合的有限元模型,并以1台36MW贯流式水轮发电机为例,对转子铁芯损耗和阻尼绕组损耗进行了计算。在此基础上,结合3维温度场有限元计算,分析了3种不同电磁场模型对转子热源和温度计算结果的影响,并与试验数据进行了对比。结果表明,场路耦合模型计算精度更高,额定工况时每根阻尼条的损耗不等,背风面阻尼条的发热明显大于迎风面的阻尼条,转子最高温度位于阻尼绕组而非励磁绕组。研究结果对提高大型水轮发电机转子损耗和温度场的计算精度以及设计、运行的可靠性具有参考价值。

To accurately analyze the loss and heat of large hydro-generator,the finite element models of 2D steady-state electromagnetic field,moving electromagnetic field and field-circuit coupling are established respectively.As an example,the losses of the rotor iron and damper winding of a 36 MW tubular hydro-generator are calculated.Furthermore,the influences of 3 different electromagnetic field models on the thermal sources and temperatures are analyzed by 3D finite element calculation of the temperature field.The results are compared with the test data and indicate that the precision of the field-circuit coupling model is better.The losses of each damp bar are different and the heat of the damp bar at the lee side is larger than that at the windward with the full load.The maximal temperature of the rotor is located at the damper winding,instead of the field winding.The research is valuable for improving the calculation precision of the rotor losses and temperature field and enhancing the reliability of the hydro-generator design and operation.