卡洛斯和康明斯诗中春天的比较研究(英文)

Springs in W.C.Williams and E.E.Cummings's Poems

作为美国文学史中两位重要的实验型和创新性的现代诗人,卡洛斯和康明斯的地位无疑成绩卓著的。在这两位诗人大量的诗作中,通过对卡洛斯的"寡妇春怨"、"在去传染病医院的路上"和康明斯的"正当"这三首诗歌进行比较,不难发现这三首诗歌中存在着对春天的关注(春怨与沉思;严酷的早春三月;美丽的春天下具有欺骗性的威胁)和不同之处(1.关注的焦点的不同:异化;严冬末尾的三月和隐含初现的苏醒;人类的邪恶2.反映主题的技巧的不同:直接与明晰;骇人与隐含)。通过对比,可以看出一方面这三首诗歌从主题上看与英美文学中春天诗歌的传承和互文关系(古希腊诗人伊比卡斯、英国诗人乔叟、T.S.Eliot),另一方面,这三首诗歌也创造性的超越了传统。因此,这三首诗歌展示出20世纪文学创作的新特性并表露出20世纪诗歌异于传统和浪漫主义诗歌的端倪。

As two important American experimental and creative modernistic poets, William Carlos Williams and E. E. Cummings are without any doubt distinguished and outstanding. In the group of their remarkable numbers of poems, with a comparison among ＂The WidoWs Lament in Springtime＂, ＂on the Road to the Contagious Hospital＂ and ＂in Just＂, there exists similarities of attention to spring world（spring lament and contemplation; austere March spring and deceptive spring danger）, description of pains in spring（widow＇s sorrow; Marcffs unawakedness; mankind＇s devilishness）, and difference of focus on spring（alienation; harshness and hidden revival; horror behind spring）. Technically and thematically, ＂The Widow＇s Lament in Springtime＂ and ＂on the Road to the Contagious Hospital＂ are more directly and lucid while ＂in Just＂ is more shocking and impressive. These three poems are surely on one hand under the influence of long tradition of spring verses constructed by Ibycus, Chaucer and Eliot, etc. , but one the other hand creatively surpass tradition. The 20^th century springs in the three poems also differs from Romantic spring and foreshadows literary features of the 20^th century composition.