二维及三维超声在产前诊断胎儿先天畸形中的比较分析

Comparison Analysis on fetal congenital deformity in prenatal diagnosis with two - dimensional ultrasound and three - dimensional ultrasound.

目的探讨二维、三维超声在产前诊断中的效果及临床应用价值。方法应用ALOKA 3500全数字超声诊断仪超声诊断仪，对所有胎儿分别进行二维及三维容积探头系统超声检查，观察胎儿的体表及内脏结构，并对检查结果进行比较分析。结果两种检测方法对胎儿颜面部显示率在孕18～22周有差异（P〈0．01），其他阶段无差异；三维彩超的胎儿体表畸形检出率高，而二维彩超的胎儿非体表畸形检出率高；三维彩超的先天性胎儿畸形检出率为91．8％，明显高于二维超声的78．8％（P〈0．05）。结论应先采用二维彩超进行初筛，发现异常需联合三维彩超筛查结果再做产前诊断，提高胎儿畸形的诊断率。

Objective To explore the effectiveness and clinical application value of prenatal diagnosis with two - dimensional ultrasound and three - dimensional ultrasound. Methods Use of ALOKA 3 500 diasonography to conduct system ultrasonic inspection with two - dimen- sional and three - dimensional volume feeler, observe body surface and internal organs structure of fetus, and compare the detecting results. Resuits The display rate of fetus face in 18 -22 gestational weeks between the two detecting methods existed statistical significance （P 〈 0. 01 ）, but no difference in other gestational weeks stages. Detecting rate of Body surface abnormality in three - dimensional ultrasound was 91.8%, much higher than two - dimensional ultrasound 78.8% （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion We should first use two - dimensional to do preliminary screening,if discovering abnormality, then combine with three - dimensional ultrasound examination result to make prenatal diagnosis, to raise the diagnose rate of fetal anomaly.