薹菜的花粉形态及其演化和分类的探讨

Pollen Morphology of Tai-tsai and Discussion on its Evolution and Taxonomy

利用扫描电镜对4个薹菜的花粉形态进行了系统观察和比较分析。结果表明:在4个薹菜品种中‘南京小叶’薹菜的极轴最长,‘花叶薹菜’的极轴最短;品种之间赤道轴的长短差异不明显。花粉形态较为单一,均呈长球形,萌发沟较长,属于N3P4C5型花粉。4个薹菜品种的花粉壁表面均具有清晰的网状纹饰,但网脊宽窄不一,不同品种间网脊的宽窄及网孔大小、形状等特征存在一定的差异。通过聚类分析表明‘南京小叶’薹菜和‘麻叶黑菜’亲缘关系较近,‘京研薹菜’其次,而‘花叶薹菜’单独聚在一起。花粉特征与表型特征之间存在一定相关性,具有重要的分类学意义。

Pollen morphology of four Tai-tsai cultivars was systematically examined and compared with Scanning Electron Microscopy（SEM）.The results showed that polar axis of＇Nanjingxiaoyetaicai＇was the longest among the four testing materials,while that of＇Huayetaicai＇was the shortest,and that was no significant difference in equarorial axis length between cultivars.Moreover,pollen morphology was very similar i.e.prolute pollen grains and long germination gap,the type of Tai-tsai pollens belonged to N3P4C5model.There was clear reticulate exine ornamentation on pollen wall surface,while the ridge width was different.There were difference in the size and shape of tectum puncture.The results of clustering analysis showed that the relationship between＇Nanjingxiaoyetaicai＇and＇Mayeheicai was very close,the relationship between＇Jingyantaicai＇and the former two cultivars was less close.There was an interrelationship between the pollen morphology and some morphological characteristics,showing the important taxonomic significance.