厦门市区10月份大气气溶胶中细菌群落结构的初步研究

Preliminary Study of Airborne Bacteria Community Structure of Aerosols of Xiamen in October

为了全面准确地研究厦门大气气溶胶的细菌群落构成,使用不依赖于培养的分子生态学手段对厦门市区10月份大气气溶胶中的细菌群落结构多样性进行了分析.通过气溶胶采样器在10月份3次收集了气溶胶样品,利用膜DNA提取试剂盒能够较有效地提取到气溶胶中的环境DNA,并且所提取的DNA能够用于后续的PCR扩增及细菌16S rRNA基因克隆文库的构建.克隆文库中的100个克隆子分别分布在3个细菌类群中,分别是:壁厚菌门(Firmicutes),β及γ变形细菌门(Proteobacteria).其中厚壁菌门的克隆子占71%,β变形细菌门占28%,γ变形细菌门占1%.细菌气溶胶的优势菌为Soli-bacillus属、微小杆菌属(Exiguobacterium)、罗尔斯顿菌属(Ralstonia).在所构建的克隆文库中,发现有部分的克隆子的序列与致病菌或机会致病菌的16S rRNA基因的序列相似,包括引起医院血液感染的细菌不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)和皮氏罗尔斯顿菌(Ralstonia pickettii),坏疽性口炎及口腔溃疡病原菌(Caryophanon sp.)等.为长期全面监测厦门市微生物气溶胶的组成与变化以及评估空气中微生物对人类健康的潜在影响提供了重要信息.

In order to reveal the airborne bacteria community structure of aerosols of Xiamen,the microbial community of aerosols collected at Xiamen in October 2009 was investigated using culture independent method.Clone library of 100 clones was constructed with PCR-amplified bacterial 16S rRNA genes from genomic DNA directly isolated from aerosols.Phylogenetic analysis showed that the clones could be affiliated into Firmicutes（71% of total clones）,β-Proteobacteria（28%） and γ-Proteobacteria（1%）.The dominant bacterial lineages were Solibacillus,Exiguobacterium and Ralstonia.Some sequences were similar to the 16S rRNA sequences of pathogens or conditional pathogens including hospital blood infections pathogens Acinetobacter,Ralstonia pickettii and Noma Lesions pathogens Caryophanon sp..Our study suggested that the possible public health problems caused by airborne microorganisms and urged the importance of long-term monitoring of aerosol microbial communities in Xiamen,as well as other cities in China.