限饲对哈巴德肉鸡肠道结构的影响

Effect of Feed Restriction on Harbord Broilers’Intestinal Structure

为探讨限制饲养对肉鸡肠道结构的影响,于4周龄初将肉仔鸡随机分成3个处理组:即自由采食组、料量限制组和能量限制组,自由采食组鸡只自由采食,对料量限制组肉鸡进行70%的料量限制,对能量限制组肉鸡进行70%的能量限制,到达8周龄宰杀后测量它们的肠道长度,制作十二指肠、空肠、回肠的组织切片,测量其绒毛长度和隐窝深度,研究限饲对肉鸡十二指肠、空肠和回肠的长度、绒毛长度、隐窝深度的效应。结果表明:限饲后的肉鸡肠道长度有所减短,自由采食组肠道全长、空肠长度显著或极显著大于能量限制组;自由采食组十二指肠的绒毛长度显著大于能量限制组和料量限制组,而十二指肠、空肠、回肠的隐窝深度、绒毛长度//隐窝深度的比值在各组间差异都不显著,即限饲对肉鸡的肠道结构有一定影响。

In order to investigate the effect of feed restriction on chickens’intestinal structure,the chickens of the present study were divided into the free feeding group,the quantitive restriction group and the energy restriction group in the initial four weeks.The free feeding group was only fed freely,the quantitive restriction group was restricted on its feed quantity of 70% of the free feeding group,and the energy restriction group was restricted on energy of 70% of the free feeding group.The chickens were killed when they were eight weeks old and their intestine lengths were measured then the intestines were made into histological paraffin sections of duodenum,jejunum and ileum.Their intestinal villus lengths and intestinal recess depths were measured so as to study the effect of feed restriction on intestinal full-length,villus length and intestinal recess depth of duodenum,jejunum and ileum.The results showed that the intestine length of the chickens which were given feed restriction reduced,the intestinal full-length and jejunum length of the free feeding group significantly or extremely significantly higher than those of the energy restriction group;the duodenum villus length of the free feeding group was significantly higher than that of the energy restriction group and the quantitive restriction group,while duodenum,jejunum and ileum intestinal recess depths,villus length/intestinal recess depth differed unsignificantly among each group.All the results mentioned above indicated that feed restriction had great effect on chickens’intestinal structure.