超临界CO_2中CO_2参与的化学反应

Chemical Reaction of CO_2 in Supercritical CO_2

超临界CO2中的化学反应是目前的研究热点之一。超临界CO2既为反应介质又为反应物的化学反应的主要优势是将萃取与反应相耦合形成均相体系,排除了传质阻力,提高了反应的速率和选择性;产物与催化剂易于分离;同时CO2作为反应原料无毒、不燃、易得,不但可以代替有机溶剂和有毒原材料,而且可有效利用CO2。介绍了超临界CO2作为反应原料所参与化学反应的类型及特点,简单综述了这些化学反应的研究进展,并对未来的发展提出展望。

The chemical reactions in supercritical carbon dioxide（scCO2） have attracted increasing interest.The primary advantage of scCO2 as reaction medium and reactant is the coupling of extraction and reaction to form a homogeneous system.In such case,the mass transport limitations are eliminated,the reaction rate and selectivity are improved and the separation of product and catalyst becomes easier.At the same time,CO2 as a reaction raw material is non-toxic,non-flammable and easy to get.It does not only can replace the organic solvents and toxic materials,but also promate the effective use CO2.This article describes the type and characteristics of chemical reactions involved,scCO2 and the progress of the study of these chemical reactions is reviewed.Finally,the developing trends of the field are discussed.