146例输入性甲型H1N1流感疑似病例流行病学特征的回顾性分析

Retrospective analysis:epidemiological characteristics of 146 imported suspected cases of H1N1 influenza

目的了解在2009年甲型H1N1流感流行早期输入性疑似患者(含确诊病例)的流行病学特征,为早期识别、防控甲型H1N1流感提供依据。方法回顾分析从各口岸检疫接收的输入性甲型H1N1流感疑似患者的相关信息,用Excel建立病例的个案信息库,用SPSS软件进行统计分析。结果所接收的146例输入性甲型H1N1流感疑似患者中男109例(74.7%),女37例(25.3%)平均年龄(28.47±11.19)岁,就诊时平均体温(38.12±0.70)℃。其中甲型H1N1流感确诊病例33例(22.6%),甲型H1N1病毒核酸阳性患者的咳嗽症状发生率明显高于阴性患者(P<0.01),其他临床症状与体征两组比较差异无显著性。甲型H1N1病毒核酸阳性患者的白细胞平均数、淋巴细胞平均数明显低于阴性患者(P<0.05)。无重症或死亡病例。结论 2009年甲型H1N1流感流行早期接收的输入性疑似病例以青年男性居多,确诊病例临床症状与其他流感相似,白细胞及淋巴细胞的降低可为诊断提供参考,明确诊断尚需病原学检测。

Objective To study the epidemiologic features of suspected H1N1 influenza in 2009,in order to provide evidence for early diagnosis and prevention. Methods Data of suspected patients of H1N1 influenza admitted in the Emergency Department of Guangdong Province Hospital Of Chinese Medicine from quarantine counters were collected and retrospective analysis.Excel and SPSS were respectively used for medical database establishment and statistical analysis. Results Between May and August,2009,146 imported suspected cases of H1N1 pandemic influenza were administrated in the Emergency Department of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine,with 109 male（74.7%） cases,average age of（28.47±11.19） years and meant body temperature of（38.12±0.70）℃.Among them there were 33（22.6%） confirmed cases,with significantly more patients with cough（P0.01）.Meanwhile,no significant difference in the prevalence of other clinical symptoms or signs were observed between H1N1-positive and negative cases.Furthermore,there were significantly less counts of leukocytes and lymphocytes in H1N1 influenza virus DNA positive cases than in negative cases（P0.05）.There were no severe cases or death. Conclusion Young male takes the majority of suspected cases of H1N1 influenza.Similar symptoms of influenza are observed in H1N1 confirmed cases.Reduced leucocyte and lymphocyte counts provide clinical evidence for diagnosis.Nevertheless,a definite diagnosis requires further laboratory etiology examination.