绿色食品和有机食品蔬菜基地土壤和蔬菜中邻苯二甲酸酯的分布特征

Occurrence of Phthalic Acid Esters in Soils and Vegetables from Green Food and Organic Vegetable Fields

[目的]为确保农产品的质量安全提供依据。[方法]采集广州地区某绿色食品和有机食品蔬菜生产基地土壤和蔬菜样品,采用气相色谱-质谱仪联机检测技术分析属于美国国家环保局优控污染物的6种邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)化合物含量。[结果]土壤样品中主要检测到邻苯二甲酸双(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)和邻苯二甲酸正二丁酯(DnBP),总含量(PAEs)在9.7～58.9μg/kg干重。蔬菜样品中主要检测到DnBP、邻苯二甲酸丁基苄基酯(BBP)和DEHP,PAEs在1.7～479.1μg/kg干重。6种PAEs化合物中,土壤和蔬菜样品中均以DEHP的含量最高,分别占PAEs的76%～97%和95%～99%。与普通蔬菜生产基地土壤和蔬菜中的PAEs含量相比,绿色食品和有机食品蔬菜生产基地的土壤中DEHP和PAEs的含量普遍低10倍甚至几个数量级,蔬菜样品中的DEHP和PAEs的含量也普遍较低。[结论]绿色食品和有机食品蔬菜生产基地土壤中6种PAEs化合物含量均在美国的控制标准之内。

[Objective] The reference for the security of agro-products was provided through the experiment.[Method] The soil sample of the base of green and organic vegetable production and the vegetable sample in Guangzhou were collected and six kinds of compounds of phthalic acid ester（PAEs）,listed in U.S.EPA as priority pollutants were determined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC/MS）.[Results] The results showed that the di-（2-ethylhexyl）phthalate（DEHP）and di-n-butylphthalate（DnBP）were the predominant compounds in all soil samples and the concentration of six PAEs compounds（PAEs）in soils varied from 9.7 to 58.9 μg/kg.In vegetable samples,DEHP,DnBP and butylbenylphthalate（BBP）were the most abundant in six compounds,and the concentration of PAEs ranged from 1.7 to 479.1 μg/kg.In all samples of both soil and vegetable,the concentration of DEHP was highest in six kinds of compounds and contributed 76%-97% and 95%-99% to PAEs,respectively.Compared with soil and vegetable from ordinary vegetable land,the concentration of DEHP and PAEs was lower by ten-time or even several orders of magnitude,and those in vegetable sample were also generally low.[Conclusion] On the whole,the concentration of six PAE compounds in soil and vegetable sample was below the control limitation of PAEs required by U.S.A.