气候和土壤及其互作对湖南烤烟还原糖、烟碱和总氮含量的影响

The impact of climate,soil and their interactions on reducing-sugar,nicotine and total nitrogen contents of flue-cured tobacco in Hunan high-quality tobacco region

在湖南3大烟区的永州市、浏阳市、桑植县进行盆栽试验,探讨气候、土壤及其互作对湖南烟叶还原糖、烟碱和总氮含量的影响。结果表明:①烟叶还原糖、烟碱和总氮3种化学成分的变异强度中等,且其变异强弱按该顺序递减。②气候、土壤及其互作对烟叶还原糖、烟碱和总氮3种化学成分的影响程度不同,气候对它们均具有强影响效应,土壤对它们无明显影响;气候与土壤的互作对它们的影响效应年际间有差异。气候对还原糖、烟碱和总氮3种化学成分含量变异总的贡献率为51.42%,土壤为19.78%,气候与土壤互作为28.79%。气候是影响这3种烟叶化学成分的主要生态因素。③烟株大田发育不同时期的不同气候因子与烟叶化学成分的相关性不同,其中伸根期的日照时数、昼夜温差与蒸发量,旺长期的相对湿度、平均气温与云量,成熟期的平均气温、昼夜温差与日照时数分别是各时期与烟叶化学成分相关性较大的前3个气候因子。整个大田期以平均气温、相对湿度和昼夜温差3个气候因子与烟叶化学成分的相关性较大。

The impact of climate,soil and their interactions on reducing-sugar,nicotine and total nitrogen contents of flue-cured tobacco leaf were investigated through pot experiments in Hunan high-quality tobacco regions of Yongzhou,Liuyang and Sangzhi from 2006 to 2007.The experiments disclose the following results：First,the variation coefficients of reducing-sugar,nicotine and total nitrogen of tobacco leaves are of medium intensity and the intensity decreases in the order of reducing-sugar,nicotine and total nitrogen.Furthermore,climate,soil and their interactions impact reducing-sugar, nicotine and total nitrogen contents of tobacco leaves in different ways,i.e.climate has strong impact on all of the three while soil＇s impact is insignificant; the impact of the interactions between climate and soil vary from year to year with climate,soil and their interactions each contributing 51.42% ,19.78% and 28.79% respectively to the total impact.Above all,climate is the main ecological factor that affects the abovementioned chemical components contents of tobacco leaves.Thirdly,sunshine hours,diurnal temperature variance and quantity of evaporation in tobacco rooting stage,relative humidity,average air temperature and cloud coverage in tobacco vigorous growth stage,average air temperature,diurnal temperature variance and sunshine hours in tobacco mature stage were the top three climate factors that relate closely to the contents of reducing-sugar,nicotine and total nitrogen of tobacco leaves during their growth periods.Overall,average air temperature,relative humidity and diurnal temperature variance are the main factors that relate closely to the contents of abovementioned tobacco chemical components during the whole tobacco growth periods.