维汉两族胫骨平台几何特征的临床对比研究

Comparison and clinical significance between geometrical characteristics of tibial plateau between Uighur nationality and Han people

目的 探讨维吾尔族胫骨平台几何学特点与汉族的不同及临床意义.方法 自2008年5月至2009年7月在新疆医科大学第六附属医院及合作医院分别随机抽取病房、门诊患者（膝关节正常,且胫骨未受累）及健康志愿者汉族49例、维吾尔族45例,并分别按性别进行分组.通过CT及三维重建技术测量胫骨平台相应几何参数,包括线性参数：胫骨平台宽、胫骨内侧平台宽、胫骨内侧平台前后径、胫骨外侧平台宽和胫骨外侧平台前后径.结果 同一民族组内比较,男性胫骨平台各项线性指标均明显大于女性（P＜0.01） 维吾尔族受试组大于同性别的汉族受试组（P＜0.05） 维吾尔族受试组胫骨平台的内外侧宽及内外侧前后径分别要比同性别的汉族受试组更接近（P＜0.05）.结论 汉族和维吾尔族在胫骨平台几何学特征方面存在着一定的差异,针对维吾尔族的全膝关节置换技术及膝关节假体设计理念应建立在其膝关节自身几何学特点的基础之上.

Objective To compare the difference and clinical significance of geometrical characteristics of tibial plateau between Uighur nationality and Han people by computed tomography scan and three-dimensional reconstruction. Methods A total of 49 inpatients and outpatients were randomly selected （normal knee without any tibial involvement ） and volunteers of Han people and 45 ones of the uighur nationality at our hospital and cooperative hospitals. Then the subjects were divided into groups according to gender. The following linear geometric parameters of tibial plateau were measured： width of tibial plateau （WTP）, width of medial tibial plateau （WMTP）, sagittal length of medial tibial plateau （SLMTP）, width of lateral tibial plateau （WLTP） and sagittal length of lateral tibial plateau （SLLTP）. Results （ 1 ） Males were greater than females in linear parameters in the same group （ P 〈 0. 01 ） （ 2 ） the groups of Uighur nationality were greater than groups of Han people in linear parameters in the same gender（ P 〈 0.05 ） （ 3 ）the gaps between WMTP and WLTP, SLMTP and SLLTP of Uighur nationality were all more approximate than those of Han people （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion The geometrical characteristics of tibial plateau have some visible discrepancy between Uighur nationality and Chinese Han people. The prosthetic design concept and technology of total knee replacement targeting the Uighur nationality should take into consideration the discrepancy.