基于天然蚕丝及蜘蛛丝蛋白的生物材料研究进展

Silk-based biomaterials

节肢动物由于生理及生存需要可分泌丝蛋白,并由所分泌的丝蛋白溶液纺制成具有优良机械性能与生物相容性能的丝纤维。根据仿生学原理,材料科学领域研制出多种基于丝蛋白的生物材料,与天然丝类似,这些生物材料具备优良的力学性能与生物相容性,在生物医学领域具有重要的应用价值。本文综述了基于丝蛋白的生物材料研究进展,以桑蚕丝及蜘蛛丝为例,重点分析了天然丝蛋白结构与性能的关系,并阐述了基于丝蛋白生物材料的制备方法及近年来相关材料制备研究方面的研究进展。

Lepidoptera larvae,such as silkworms and spiders,can produce task-specific silk and the obtained materials possess high mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Due to signifi- cant interests in superb properties of natural silk materials, bionic research on a large variety of silk-based biomaterials＇is becoming attractive and a number of novel materials based on silk proteins have been fabricated. In this article, we will focus on the influence of the structure of silk proteins on their properties and review novel materials derived from silk proteins.