山东肥城单植桃园食心虫发生与为害规律

Studies on the Occurrence Dynamics and Damage of Fruit Boring Insect Pests in Feicheng Peach Single Garden of Shandong

为了明确食心虫在山东肥城单植桃园的生活史和对肥桃的为害,对其在该园中成虫发生动态、幼虫为害和越冬规律进行了调查研究。结果表明:桃小食心虫、桃蛀螟、梨小食心虫在山东肥城单植桃园中一年分别发生2代、3代、5代,都具有世代重叠现象,其中梨小食心虫发生数量大,对肥桃为害最为严重。幼龄桃园与老龄桃园的折梢率分别为13.70%与24.20%,但两者差异不显著;在幼龄桃园中,5、6、7月份间折梢率存在显著性差异,分别为1.80%、5.40%、33.80%,老龄桃园中,5月份的折梢率(9.20%)显著低于6、7月份的折梢率(29.40%、34.00%);肥桃树东、西、南、北、中不同方位的折梢率没有显著差异性,分别为23.00%、22.80%、25.80%、27.00%、22.00%。水蜜桃树6月份和7月份虫果率分别为10.40%和12.20%,差异不显著,其在东、西、南、北、中不同方位的分布也无显著性差异。

In order to explicit the life cycle and damages of the fruit boring insect pests in peach single garden of Feicheng district in Shandong province,the population dynamics and damages of them were investigated.The results showed that the three main boring insect pests,Carposina sasakii Matsumura,Dichocrocis punctiferalis Guenee and Grapholita molesta Busck,could produce two,three,and five generations in one year,respectively,and all of them had the phenomenon of generation overlapping.G.molesta had the largest population and made the most serious damage to the Feicheng peach among the three pests.The percentage of shoot tip damage in young and old peach garden were 13.70% and 24.20%,respectively,but there was no significant difference between them.In the young peach garden,the percentage of shoot tip damages were diffenent significantly in the months of May,June,July（1.80%,5.40%,33.80%）,and in the old peach garden,the percentage of shoot tip damage in the months of May（9.20%） was significantly lower than that in the month of June and July（29.40%,34.00%）.There were no significant differences in the tip damage spatial distribution on the trees of Feicheng peach.There was also no significant difference in the percentage of fruit damage on the trees of juicy peach between June（10.40%） and July（12.20%）,and the same as the fruit damage spatial distribution.