建国前湖南洞庭湖区血吸虫病流行概况

Overview of the Prevalent Schistosomiasis in the Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Before 1949

血吸虫病在我国流行已经有久远的历史。但在20世纪初被证实之前,中国人并不知道引发此病的真正原因。湖南洞庭湖区是我国血吸虫病流行最为严重的地区,20世纪初开始先后发现了血吸虫病病例和血吸虫唯一中间宿主—钉螺,一些中外学者对该区域血吸虫病流行情况进行了简单的现场调查、生活史研究。但由于当时政局动荡,战乱不断,统治者根本无暇顾及血吸虫病防治,加上当时公共医疗基础条件和技术水平相当落后,导致血吸虫病在湖南洞庭湖区迅速蔓延,严重危害疫区民众的生产和生活。

Schistosomiasis had a long history in our country. Before confirmation in the early 20th century, Chinese people didn＇t know the real cause of the disease. Dongting Lake in Hunan is the most serious area of schistosomiasis in China. Schistosomiasis cases and the only intermediate host of Schistosomasis snail were discovered at the beginning of the 20th century, some Chinese and foreign scholars had researched into the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis and life history in the region. But due to the political instability, wars and other conflicts, the rulers had no time taking into account the schistosomiasis control, meanwhile the basic conditions of public health care and technology lagged behind. These seriously affected people＇s production and living in the epidemic area.