中国古代德育人际环境思想述评

Commentary on the Ancient Chinese Thought of Interpersonal Environment

中国古代的人际关系理论经过了从产生到形成、发展的演变过程。虽然在原始社会、奴隶社会就已开始萌芽,但其真正系统化、规范化却体现在春秋战国以后发展起来的封建礼教伦理思想中。从中国古代德育人际环境思想的历史看,一方面,随着封建制度发展到没落,关于教育和道德教育的思想也逐渐僵化;另一方面,从春秋战国到唐宋明清,中国古代的思想家却越来越忽视环境的育人功能,忽视环境对人德行的作用,不仅制约着人才培养的质量和教育的发展,而且在一定程度上导致整个社会的倒退。

The ancient Chinese interpersonal theory has experienced a process from its own formation to developing.Although it first appeared in the primitive society and slave community,it is in the ethical thought of feudal code which developed after the Spring and Autumn that the interpersonal theory got its full systematization and standardization.From the perspective of the ancient Chinese historical thought of moral educating interpersonal environment,on the one hand,the thought of education and moral education gradually ossified by the feudal system＇s declining.On the other hand,from the Spring and Autumn to late Tang,Song,Ming,Qing dynasties,the ancient Chinese thinkers,more and more,ignored the educational function of environment as well as its influence on people＇s morality and conduct,which not only limit the training quality and the educational developing,but also,to some extent,lead the retrogression of the whole society.