WTO条件下农产品补贴法律问题研究

Research into Lawful Issues on Agricultural Product Subsidy under WTO Permission

农业是国民经济的基础,各国政府都十分重视对农业的保护和支持。随着贸易全球化的不断深入,各国政府为了鼓励出口、平衡贸易、增强本国农产品的国际竞争力、提高农民整体待遇、促进农业的协调发展,普遍采用农业补贴这种措施来支持本国农业的发展。但农业补贴的形式有多种,某些形式的农业补贴会对贸易自由产生扭曲,因而被WTO规则所禁止。我国农业补贴法律制度还处于起步阶段,存在诸多问题。而美国、欧盟和日本等农产品出口大国纷纷通过完备的农业法律支持加强对农业的补贴,以保证其农业的国际竞争力。如何在WTO规则下完善我国的农业补贴法律制度成为目前亟待解决的问题。

Agriculture is the basis of national economy and the government of each country emphasizes the protection and support for agriculture. With the deepening of trade globalization, in order to encourage export, balance the trade, strengthen the global competence of agricultural products, raise the income of the peasants and to promote coordinated development of agriculture, all governments use the method of the subsidies for agriculture to support the development of their agriculture. However, there are a lot of forms of the subsidies, some subsidies can distort trade freedom and are banned by WTO regulations. China＇ s laws on the subsidies are just beginning and have many defects while the United States, European Union and Japan, which are big countries for export of agricultural products, use perfected laws to support and strengthen the protection of their agriculture to keep their global competence of agriculture. How to perfect the laws and regulations for the subsidies of China becomes an urgent issue.