大学-企业专利许可的演化博弈分析

Evolutionary Game Analysis on the University-Industry Patent Licensing

大学具有科技创新的比较优势,而企业贴近市场,需利用科技成果提升自身竞争力,这本应是双赢的合作博弈,但大学-企业专利许可中双方面临各种风险,存在不确定性,许可策略的选择影响科技成果转化率的高低。通过一个演化博弈模型,分析不确定环境中有限理性的大学和企业的专利许可行为决策,并探讨累积创新下利益分配的影响因素,发现大学-企业专利许可的动机受创新收益、初始投入成本等影响,存在最佳的超额收益分配系数,收益的公平分配可促进专利许可。

Both university and industry exposure to many risks,face uncertainty during the process of patent licensing,and their licensing strategy decision making has important influence on the effectiveness and efficiency of technology transfer.This paper reveals the key factors which influnce the system evolution and the stability of equilibrium,such as expected innovation income and initial investment cost,and the existance of the optimal allocation of income which is fair to motivate patent licensing.It also makes corresponding suggestions for the university-industry patent licensing.