北京话徒劳类语气副词的历时嬗变(1750—1950)

On the Historical Development of Modal Adverbs for Expressing Futile Effort in Beijing Accent(1750—1950)

北京话徒劳类语气副词主要包括"空"类和"白"类副词两大类。"空"类副词主要包括"空"、"空自"、"平空"、"凭空"、"凭空里"等副词;"白"类副词主要包括"白"、"白白"、"平白"等副词。两类副词无论在内部成员的组成还是各自的语法意义及语法功能上,都与现代汉语有所差异。文论通过对其个体的考察,揭示徒劳类语气副词的嬗变过程。

The modal adverbs in Beijing accent can mainly be divided into two groups,which include the ones expressing the meaning of ＂groundless＂ and ＂in vain＂.What＇s more,they are much different from those in the contemporary Chinese not only with their own components but also with their grammatical meanings and functions.This article discusses the development of these modal adverbs after examining them specifically.