辽宁春玉米出苗期水分胁迫试验初探

Preliminary discussion on water stress of spring maize during seedling in Liaoning province

以丹玉39为试验材料,采用盆栽实验方法,研究春玉米25%、35%、45%、55%、65%、75%、85%和95%共8种供水处理条件下的玉米出苗率及玉米根系和叶片对水分胁迫的响应,旨在探索辽宁春玉米播种和出苗期间水分胁迫对玉米出苗及生长发育的影响,分析不同水分胁迫对其影响程度。结果表明:玉米出苗率在中度到重度干旱条件下(<45%),为不能播种指标;在轻度干旱条件下(55%),为非经济播种指标;在适宜土壤水分条件下(65%—75%),为适宜播种指标;在85%左右时也为适宜播种指标;在偏湿条件下(95%),为可播种指标。玉米出苗期间,水分胁迫对玉米植株和根系的生长发育有较大影响,对根系影响比对植株的影响更显著。

The germination rates of maize Danyu39 and the responses of its root and leaf growth to soil water stress were analyzed by pot experiment under eight treatment of different water supply （ soil water contents reach 25 %, 35% ,45% ,55% ,65% ,75% ,85% or 95% of holard） in order to discuss the effects of water stress during seeding and seedling on emergence rates and growth of maize. The results indicate that the emergence rates of maize are 11% when soil water contents are less than 45 % of holard, i. e. middle and serious drought, so it is not available to sowing. The emergence rates of maize reach 66. 7% when soil water contents are 55% of holard, i. e. slight drought. It is available to sow the seeds,but the yield is low. The emergence rates of maize are 77.8%-88. 9% when soil water contents reach 65%-85% of holard, so it is suitable to sow the seeds. The emergence rates of maize are 88.9% when soil water contents reach 95% of holard. It is available to sow the seeds,but the effects of more soil water on yield need to be studied further. Thus, soil water contents could be used as sowing index according to the above-mentioned. The effects of water stress on growth and development of maize plant and root system are significant during seedling, especially on root system.