综合护理干预对早产低体质量儿喂养不耐受的影响

Influence of Comprehensive Nursing Intervention on Feeding Intolerance of Premature Infants with Low Birth Weight

目的探讨采取综合护理干预对早产低体质量儿喂养不耐受的影响。方法将60例适于胎龄的早产低体质量儿分为两组各30例,综合护理干预组实施非营养性吸吮、微量泵间断胃管喂养、喂养后俯卧位及腹部抚触的措施,并把这4种护理干预措施进行流程重组形成护理循环贯穿在早产儿的日常护理中;对照组采取早产儿常规护理。记录两组鼻胃管留置时间、恢复出生体质量时间及到达全肠道营养时间,及喂养不耐受情况。结果综合护理干预组患儿达到全肠道营养时间、恢复出生体质量时间、鼻胃管留置时间均比对照组短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。综合护理干预组喂养出现呕吐、腹胀、胃残留、呼吸暂停例数均较对照组少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论早产低体质量儿喂养时给予综合护理干预能促进胃肠道功能的成熟,提高经肠道喂养的耐受性,有效减少喂养不耐受的发生。

Objective To explore the influence of comprehensive nursing intervention on feeding intolerance of premature infants with low birth weight.Methods 60 cases of premature infants with low birth weight appropriate for gestational age were randomly divided into intervention group and control group.In intervention group,infants were provided with non-nutritive sucking,micro pumps continuous tube feeding and after feeding,provided the prone position and abdominal massage,which were implemented throughout the daily care.While in control group,infants obtained routine care.Both groups were fed with the same formula,recorded relevant feeding information,including nasogastric tube retention time,recovery birth weight time and the time enteral nutrition up to 418.4 kJ/（kg·d） and the case of feeding intolerance.Results Nasogastric tube retention time,recovery birth weight time and the time of enteral nutrition in intervention group were significantly shorter than those of the control group（P〈0.01）;and the incidences of vomiting,abdominal distension,gastric residue and apnea in intervention group were lower than those of the control group（P〈0.01）.Conclusion Comprehensive nursing intervention can promote gastrointestinal function,improve the tolerance of enteral feeding,reduce the incidence of feeding intolerance,and can accelerate infants’ growth.